EU urges reforms in Bosnia on 25th anniversary of peace deal

The European Union's foreign policy chief used the 25th
anniversary of the peace agreement that ended the Bosnian War to urge Bosnia's
political leaders to overcome their persistent ethnic divisions and prepare
their nation to join the EU fold.
“We have to commemorate the past, but we have to look to the
future,” EU foreign policy chief Josep Borrell said during a visit to Sarajevo
for Saturday's anniversary, adding that the U.S.-brokered peace agreement for
Bosnia concluded “one of the most shameful episodes in the modern history of
Europe.”
The peace agreement, initialed at a U.S. Air Force base
outside Dayton, Ohio on Nov. 21, 2015 and formally signed in Paris a few weeks
later, ended the 44-month war in which Bosnia's three main ethnic factions —
Muslim Bosniaks, Catholic Croats and Orthodox Christian Serbs — fought for
control after the break-up of Yugoslavia.
Over 100,000 people were killed during the war, most of them
Bosniaks, and upward of 2 million, or over half of Bosnia's population, were
driven from their homes during the conflict.
While it stopped the bloodshed, the peace agreement
formalized the ethnic divisions in Bosnia by establishing a complicated and
fragmented state structure linked by weak joint institutions. Over the years,
the country’s complex administrative system has allowed its ethno-nationalist
elites to take full control of all levers of government and plunder public
coffers with impunity while engaging in the same arguments that led to the war.
The European Union accepted Bosnia’s membership application
in 2016, but its government has failed to make the deep structural reforms
required before the country can move forward with the process of joining the
EU. The bloc expects to see changes in how Bosnia's judiciary and economy are
run, intensified efforts to fight corruption, the safeguarding of human rights,
among other reforms.
The EU priorities are largely shared by Bosnia’s citizens,
but continue to be sidelined by their ethnic leaders under the cover of
nationalist rhetoric.
After meeting with members of the country’s tripartite
presidency, Borrell said Bosnia’s “future is European” but that in order to get
there “authorities must step up their efforts to deliver on the reform
priorities.”